9CaKrnQhqQ5作者:mil.huanqiu.comgallery苏联骄傲的重型火箭今日惨状/e3pmh1dm8/e3pn6f3oh1456714860000责编:徐璐明资料图145671486000011["9CaKrnQhqJR","9CaKrnQhqum","9CaKrnQhqij","9CaKrnQhqe8","9CaKrnQhqf9","9CaKrnQhqhv"]{"gallery":{"members":[{"desc":"最后一枚“能源M”号运载火箭,它现在默默矗立在拜科努尔发射场,已经被世界所淡忘。上世纪70年代末,因苏联登月计划终止,超重火箭H1被迫下马,随后苏联开始研发名为“能源”号的超重型运载火箭。“能源”号首次发射是在1987年5月15日,1988年11月15日第二次发射,这次是作为“暴风雪”号航天飞机的助推器。安装4枚“天顶”号助推器时,“能源”号可以将重达100吨的货物送入轨道。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110112741.jpg"},{"desc":"在哈萨克斯坦拜科努尔航天发射场,有一座高达170米的巨大白色建筑物,这是发射场最高的建筑。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110113911.jpg"},{"desc":"这就是“能源”号系列运载火箭的总装测试厂房。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110114186.jpg"},{"desc":"“能源M”号运载火箭的名称写在火箭上部,两个“天顶”号助推器的顶部位置。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110114178.jpg"},{"desc":"“能源M”号运载火箭是“能源”系列最小的一个,可是在这里,你会觉得它无比巨大。“能源M”号芯级只有一台RD-0120M发动机,而“能源”却有4台!","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110116949.jpg"},{"desc":"看着它,你会想,“能源M”号都如此巨大,那么真正的“能源”号该是什么样子。“能源”号运载火箭是前苏联的一种超重型的通用运载火箭,也是目前世界上起飞质量与推力最大的火箭。作为重型一次性使用运载系统以及作为暴风雪号航天飞机的助推器,发射纬度北纬46度,“能源”号近地轨道运输能力为105吨货物,地球静止轨道运输能力为20吨。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110117787.jpg"},{"desc":"“能源M”号是“能源”号系列中最小的衍生型号,使用二到四个经过改装的“天顶”号火箭作为助推器,芯级中只有一个RD-0120M发动机。“能源M”号旨在取代“质子”号运载火箭,但是在1993年输掉了和“安加拉”运载火箭的竞争。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110118967.jpg"},{"desc":"掉落的时钟已经停摆,测试厂房的玻璃破碎得所剩无几,然而这里的设备还比较完好。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110120842.jpg"},{"desc":"“能源”号火箭被设计用来运载“暴风雪”号航天飞机,所以载荷位于火箭的侧面而不是顶部,但是“能源”号同样可以执行重型卫星的发射任务。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110121557.jpg"},{"desc":"“能源M”作为“质子”火箭的替代者,使用相同的燃料,可以将35吨载荷送入轨道,可将6.5吨载荷送入地球同步轨道,能够向月球轨道发送12吨货物。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110122191.jpg"},{"desc":"“能源M”火箭高50.5米,整流罩直径达到7.7米。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110123164.jpg"},{"desc":"这个测试厂房是为“能源”号准备的,“能源”号高达60米,在厂房顶部向下看,“能源M”在这里显得比较小。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110125391.jpg"},{"desc":"可以看到底部的安装座是为了能安装4枚“天顶”号火箭助推器设计的,目前只装了两枚。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110126507.jpg"},{"desc":"“能源M”火箭的芯级内装有190吨液氢和147.6吨液氧。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110128298.jpg"},{"desc":"对面是巨大的卷帘门,打开后,火箭将从这里离开厂房,前往发射台。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110129504.jpg"},{"desc":"火箭上红色物体就是空出来的“天顶”火箭的固定座。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110130270.jpg"},{"desc":"巨大的厂房可以为“能源M”提供所需的电力、燃料、冷却剂。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110132565.jpg"},{"desc":"厂房还可以为工作人员提供一个安全的工作场所。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110133935.jpg"},{"desc":"能够来到这里参观的人非常少,孤零零的“能源M”已经被外面的世界遗忘。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110136320.jpg"},{"desc":"“能源M”芯级的RD-0120M发动机。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110137134.jpg"},{"desc":"这里是工作人员的通道。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110138828.jpg"},{"desc":"当年看着它的都是一群苏联航天界的精英。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110139583.jpg"},{"desc":"物是人非,现在看到它的,只有我们。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110140596.jpg"},{"desc":"台架上已经落满厚厚的沙尘。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110142355.jpg"},{"desc":"以前这里是一尘不染的。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110143113.jpg"},{"desc":"“能源M”被放弃了,原本早该退休的“质子M”却依旧担负着大量发射任务。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110144480.jpg"},{"desc":"多么想看“能源M”发射的壮观场景,遗憾的是,永远都不会有发射了。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110145458.jpg"},{"desc":"这里静得可怕。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110146609.jpg"},{"desc":"走上50多米高的平台,偶尔会有风声。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110148224.jpg"},{"desc":"工作平台失修严重,但还不到危及安全的地步。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110149992.jpg"},{"desc":"厂房顶部的吊车。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110150369.jpg"},{"desc":"能坐在那里的,都是这个星球最好的吊车司机。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110150991.jpg"},{"desc":"室外,拜科努尔发射场。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110152386.jpg"},{"desc":"那边是另外的安装测试厂房。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110152438.jpg"},{"desc":"也已经废弃。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110154955.jpg"},{"desc":"那边是长132米,高62米的“暴风雪”号航天飞机测试厂房。","url":"\/\/himg2.huanqiucdn.cn\/attachment2010\/2016\/0229\/11\/01\/20160229110155275.jpg"}]}}//himg2.huanqiucdn.cn/attachment2010/2016/0229/11/05/20160229110537387.jpg